Increased Intestinal Losses
- Vomiting, diarrhea
- Prolonged nasogastric suction
- Extensive bowel resection
- Malabsorption syndromes
- Severe malnutrition
- Steatorrhoea
- Acute pancreatitis
- Intestinal fistula
- Ileitis, colitis
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Drugs
- Diuretics
- Aminoglycosides
- Cisplatin
- Alcohol
- Pentamidine
- Ciclosporin
- Amphotericin B
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Increased Renal Excretion
- Volume expansion
- Hypercalcemia & hypercalciuria
- Osmotic diuresis
- Renal disease w/ Mg wasting
- Renal transplant
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Metabolic
- Diabetes mellitus (DM)
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Primary hyperparathyroidism
- Primary aldosteronism
- Phosphate depletion
- Hyperthyroidism
- Treatment of ketoacidosis
- Intestinal fistula
- Hungry bone syndrome
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