One of the leading cause of blindness in infants via corneal ulceration & subsequent opacification or perforation & endophthalmitis
Pneumonia & otitis media are reported in some of the newborn w/ Chlamydia conjunctivitis
Definition
Conjunctivitis occuring in a newborn during the first month of life
Nguyên nhân
Organisms causing neonatal conjunctivitis are usually acquired from the infected birth canal of the mother during vaginal delivery, though some may acquire the infection from their immediate surroundings
Other bacterial causes of neonatal conjunctivitis
Bacteria may be transmitted to the infant after birth through air w/ association w/ obstructed nasolacrimal duct
Gram positive organisms:
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus viridians
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Gram negative organisms:
Escherichia coli
Haemophilus sp.
Enterobacter sp.
Klebsiella pneumonia
Proteus sp.
Serratia marcescens
Pseudomonas sp., rarely occur but may cause corneal perforation, blindness & death
Time of onset: 2-5 days postpartum
Clinical presentation:
Eyelid edema
Conjunctival injection w/ discharge
Chemosis
Milder course w/o corneal & systemic involvement
Viral neonatal conjunctivitis
Herpes simplex (HSV) virus type 2 can rarely cause neonatal conjunctivitis
Time of onset: 3-15 days postpartum
Clinical presentation:
Vesicular skin lesions of the lid or lid margin
Non-specific lid edema
Moderate conjunctival injection
Non-purulent serosanguinous discharge
True conjunctival membranes
Corneal geographic or micro-dendritic epithelial keratitis different from the typical adult herpetic dendrites
Signs and Symptoms
Eyelid & palpebral conjunctiva erythema & edema
Purulent eye discharge
Yếu tố nguy cơ
Inadequate or no prenatal care
Maternal infections (especially sexually transmitted diseases) before & during pregnancy
Exposure of the infant to infectious organisms
Inadequacy of ocular prophylaxis immediately after birth
Organisms harboring in the mother’s birth canal
Increased shedding of organisms in the vaginal tract of the mother during the last trimester
