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Tics are sudden, rapid, non-rhytmic, repetitive, motor movements or vocalizations. The mean age of onset is approximately 5 years old.
Tourette's syndrome is the most common form of tic disorder.
There is a strong genetic component showing a 10- to 100-fold increase in the rates of tics and Tourette's syndrome among first-degree relatives of Tourette's syndrome patients.
Simple motor tics are restricted to a single or a few muscle groups and last less than a fraction of a second.
Complex motor tics involve larger muscle groups, usually last longer and appear purposeful and goal-directed.
Pharmacotherapy may be considered if symptoms interfere with normal functioning. Successful treatment of comorbid disorder usually decreases tic severity. There is no cure for Tourette syndrome; the aim of pharmacological therapy is to reduce the frequency and severity of tics. Goals should be to relieve tic-related discomfort/embarrassment and to allow the patient to function as normally as possible.
Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) composed of habit reversal training, relaxation training and functional interventions addressing situations which sustain or worsen tics is a recommended treatment option for patients with tics.
For further information regarding the management of Tourette's Syndrome & Other Tic Disorders, please refer to Disease Algorithm for the Treatment Guideline.
Tourette's syndrome is the most common form of tic disorder.
There is a strong genetic component showing a 10- to 100-fold increase in the rates of tics and Tourette's syndrome among first-degree relatives of Tourette's syndrome patients.
Simple motor tics are restricted to a single or a few muscle groups and last less than a fraction of a second.
Complex motor tics involve larger muscle groups, usually last longer and appear purposeful and goal-directed.
Pharmacotherapy may be considered if symptoms interfere with normal functioning. Successful treatment of comorbid disorder usually decreases tic severity. There is no cure for Tourette syndrome; the aim of pharmacological therapy is to reduce the frequency and severity of tics. Goals should be to relieve tic-related discomfort/embarrassment and to allow the patient to function as normally as possible.
Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) composed of habit reversal training, relaxation training and functional interventions addressing situations which sustain or worsen tics is a recommended treatment option for patients with tics.
For further information regarding the management of Tourette's Syndrome & Other Tic Disorders, please refer to Disease Algorithm for the Treatment Guideline.
