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Rubella, also known as German measles or 3-day measles, is a mild often exanthematous disease of infants and children that is severe and associated with complications in adults. It is self-limiting disease associated with a characteristic maculopapular rash.
It is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus classified as a togavirus, genus Rubivirus.
Prodromal symptoms of low-grade fever, conjunctivitis, sore throat, coryza, headaches, malaise and lymphadenopathy usually last for 1-5 days before the onset of rash.
Transmission is through airborne or droplets shed from respiratory secretions.
Highly communicable at the onset of the rash, however viral shedding may also occur 5-7 days before, to 5-7 days or more following appearance of the rash.
The incubation period is 14-21 days.
Rubella vaccine is available as a single-antigen preparation or combined with other vaccines [eg mumps and rubella (MMR), or also with varicella (MMRV)].
For further information regarding the management of Rubella, please refer to Disease Algorithm for the Treatment Guideline.
It is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus classified as a togavirus, genus Rubivirus.
Prodromal symptoms of low-grade fever, conjunctivitis, sore throat, coryza, headaches, malaise and lymphadenopathy usually last for 1-5 days before the onset of rash.
Transmission is through airborne or droplets shed from respiratory secretions.
Highly communicable at the onset of the rash, however viral shedding may also occur 5-7 days before, to 5-7 days or more following appearance of the rash.
The incubation period is 14-21 days.
Rubella vaccine is available as a single-antigen preparation or combined with other vaccines [eg mumps and rubella (MMR), or also with varicella (MMRV)].
For further information regarding the management of Rubella, please refer to Disease Algorithm for the Treatment Guideline.